1. A deviation from the norm
   Having positive results
2. Finding a single result
   A misstep in the scientific process

Anomalies occur when something ends up being different than expected or different from previous results. In general, anomalies are examined even further to understand the "exception to the rule" that occurred.

1. An educated guess
   A place where things live
2. A specimen on a slide
   A scientific tool for measuring

Habitats are the environments or places where things live in the wild. They can also be synthesized (or created) in labs to gain a better understanding of how wild plants, animals and organisms live or grow under different conditions.

1. Defective
   It has two opposite alleles.
2. It has two identical alleles.
   It has two different, but not opposite alleles.

If you think about the world of genetics, you probably have a base understanding of dominant and recessive genes. When someone has two recessive or two dominant alleles, they are considered homozygous.

1. An experiment based on an educated guess
   Finding results
2. Creating data
   An educated guess

We learn at a young age that a hypothesis is an educated guess, but that "guess" or assumption is based on observations of the area and previously known phenomenon. It is the basis of scientific research.

1. The oceanic core
   The crust
2. The core
   The middle portion

There are several layers that make up the Earth. We know that the Earth's core is very hot, the mantle is the middle section that sits between the core and the crust. It is made mostly of peridotite rock.

1. Calcium
   Nitrogen
2. Carbon
   Caladium

Calcium can be found everywhere, from your tap water to your bones. If something contains calcium, it is considered calcareous. This is an adjective that scientists use to describe the materials that they work with or the data that they discover.

1. Freezing
   Burning
2. Transferring of ions
   Breaking glass

Though many consider combustion to be an explosion, it is more centered around burning. It happens when there is a chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidizing agent that produces heat.

1. The least known result of the experiment
   The secondary result of the experiment
2. The standard result of the experiment
   The data collected from the experiment

Controls are the part of the experiment that scientists agree on the result. For example, if you are trying to grow plants with a variety of liquids, your control will be a plant fed with water, while other experiments might contain soda, vinegar or other liquids.

1. An organism that allows another organism to live off of it
   An organism that uses ocean currents to survive
2. A single-celled organism that relies on sunlight to live
   An organism that lives off of another organism

Parasites must have another organism in order to live. The organism that they live off of is considered the host organism. While some parasitic relationships help both organisms, for the most part, parasitic relationships end up killing the host or making it ill.

1. Percolating liquid
   Concentrating matter
2. Experimenting
   Turning a liquid into a solid

Leaching is a method used to dissolve something utilizing the act of percolating. It is generally used to extract something from a solid by dissolving it in a liquid. This can take varying amounts of time, depending on the density of the solid and the liquid that is being used to dissolve it.

1. She separates it into elements.
   She gives it a numeric value.
2. She soaks it in water.
   She sets it on fire.

Everything can be quantified, and you can quantify something in several different ways. Basically, giving it a measurement, amount or numeric value will give you a quantification. This is helpful when using comparisons during experiments.

1. An explanation that doesn't have evidence but can be seen
   An educated guess
2. An explanation that has evidence but is not yet proven
   A question to be answered

Theories are incredibly important in the scientific world. They act as placeholders while scientists continue to experiment on a subject. Theories are explanations that carry quite a bit of evidence, can be tested and are logical. They aren't considered facts or laws because they are not yet fully examined or proven.

1. The ocean water
   The plants that grow on the surface of the ocean
2. The horizon line on the open ocean
   The layer of Earth beneath the ocean floor

The Earth's crust is the layer of Earth that we step on, so it only makes sense that the oceanic crust is the layer of earth just under the ocean water. This layer is constantly being made in the mid-ocean ridges and destroyed in the subduction zones.

1. Hydrocarbons
   Pesticides
2. Philanthropy
   Analogy

While we often consider the term organic to mean that something contains no pesticides, in the scientific world, anything that contains hydrocarbons is considered organic. It is a term that was created based on the term "living organisms."

1. The study of volcanoes
   The study of living things
2. The study of weather
   The study of the moon

Bio means life, and any word ending in "ology" is a study or science. Therefore, biology is considered the study of life. It is definitely a broad term, but there are many sub-sciences that fall under biology.

1. A unit measuring distance
   A unit that measures hydration
2. A unit that measures energy
   A unit measuring gravity

Joules are metric units, and they can tell you how much work can be done by force or newtons. One of the equations to help scientists figure out joules is J = N x m. This is taking the force (or newton) and multiplying it by one meter.

1. The joining of two gametes
   The mixing of two chromosomes
2. The blend of saline and acid
   The blend of carbon and hyrdogen

Gametes are the sex cells in living organisms (the sperm and the egg). When these cells meet, they become a zygote. Zygotes contain a full set of chromosomes and are the beginning stages of creating new life.

1. How much air it can absorb
   How much space it takes up
2. How much water is in it
   How much time it takes to mature

The volume of something is generally found in cubic form (because it will always be three-dimensional). Solids are measured in cubic centimeters and liquids are measured in cubic milliliters.

1. A number that is not defined
   An experimental device
2. The condition or parameter that may be manipulated or measured
   A vessel for experimental materials

Variables can also be fixed and observed during research. There are three types of variables: control, independent and dependent. The independent variable is experimental; the dependent one is the response.

1. How things are understood
   The scientific method
2. An understanding of animal anatomy
   How things are named

If you were ever curious how animals and plants get their names, you have taxonomy to thank. It's not simply naming something after the person who discovered it. There are rules and procedures that help make these names stick.

1. Heat
   Vapor
2. Vicosity
   Membranes

Thermodynamics, thermoenergy, thermoradiation and even thermometers all relate to heat. This term helps scientists describe temperatures (even if there is an absence of heat, something can still be considered thermal).

1. The layer where precipitation and wind occur
   The layer where it cannot rain
2. The layer that is impermeable
   The layer that creates volcanoes

Just like the Earth has layers, so does our atmosphere. The troposphere is where all of the weather is created. It is the lower 12 to 18 kilometers of the atmosphere itself, and it is a necessary element to the Earth's functions.

1. A hole dug by whales
   A deep valley below sea level
2. An island made from volcanic activity
   The salinity of the ocean

There are several very deep trenches in the ocean. Some of them are as deep as 11 kilometers deep. They are usually found near subduction zones (the zones where one tectonic plate is sliding beneath another).

1. Relocating rocks
   Placing barriers on glaciers
2. Collecting data
   Creating boarders on countries

Sampling can be done in various ways. Most climatologists and oceanologists use core sampling (drilling into soil or ice in a deep, straight pattern) to get a better idea of what life was like over hundreds and thousands of years.

1. A pressure mount from a volcano
   A form of thunder
2. A radio wave
   A vibration from an earthquake

Seismic waves are the vibrations that are produced by an earthquake or explosion. There are man different types of seismic waves, but the ones people are most familiar with are S-waves and P-waves.

1. An extinct volcano
   A cut in the ocean floor
2. An earthquake in the open ocean
   A coral formation

Seamounts are formed by extinct volcanoes that have been eroded by waves in the ocean. They are usually found just below the surface of the water and are easily recognizable by their flat tops.

1. When the sun is between the moon and the Earth
   When the moon is between the earth and the sun
2. When the earth is between the moon and the sun
   When the moon and the sun collide

There are different kinds of eclipses, but a solar eclipse happens when the moon blocks out the sun. They aren't extremely rare, but they do happen in different parts of the world and at different grades (there are partial eclipses and total eclipses).

1. The amount of pressure it takes to destroy it
   The amount of time it takes to decay
2. The extent it dissolves in solvent
   The extent is strengthens under pressure

When something is soluble, it disintegrates in various solvents. For example, if something is water-soluble, it can be broken down completely by applying plain water. During experimentation and scientific testing, different solvents are used to break down different materials.

1. Listening to whales
   Building ships
2. Discovering new elements
   Measuring ocean depths

Sonar uses sound waves to measure the depths of various parts of the ocean. It sends a sound wave down and measures the time it takes to return. Using this method, we've been able to map our oceans, but it can interrupt whale communications.

1. The chemical change that occurs when two substances interact
   The mixing of various metals in solvents
2. The measuring of liquids
   The separating of isotopes

When you take two different substances, put them together and something changes, you are getting a reaction. The reaction doesn't necessarily have to be earth shattering. It can simply be a change in color or a change in temperature.

1. Lime
   Silica
2. Volcanic ash
   Acid rain

Quartz is a form of crystalline silica. Silica is considered one of the most abundant chemical compounds on Earth, making up 59% of the Earth's crust. You can find it in quite a few products around your house as well, including your makeup and food.

1. The father
   The mother
2. The source from which something is derived
   Darwinism

Though it is a close definition to the pedestrian "parent," in scientific terms, the parent doesn't necessarily have to be an organism. It simply has to be from where the object in question derived.

1. An exploded star
   A cluster of stars
2. The heat from a star
   The birthplace of stars

As we get more and more images from our telescopes, we learn quite a bit about the universe. A nebula is a cloud of gas, dust and other matter that will eventually form into a star. There are a few exceptions, but they are rare.

1. The chemical substance an organism needs to survive
   The digestive juices in an organism
2. The blood circulation system of an organism
   The microbial waste of an organism

When you think of nutrients, your mind probably goes to broccoli or other vegetables, and you wouldn't be far off. Those vegetables contain vitamins and minerals humans need to survive, and all vitamins and minerals are chemical substances.

1. When your experiment goes wrong
   When you change something on purpose
2. When your hypothesis is proven
   When you change your data

Manipulation in the scientific world means something a little different than the social definition. Manipulation isn't necessarily a bad thing. Sometimes it is done in the name of science in order to help us better understand our experiments.